The global energy crisis is currently a hot topic which has a significant impact on the world economy. In 2021, soaring oil and gas prices have sparked concerns about inflation and economic uncertainty. With demand increasing post-pandemic, many countries are struggling to adjust to energy availability. The main factors causing the energy crisis include geopolitical instability, climate change, and dependence on fossil fuels. Tensions in the Middle East region and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict caused supply disruptions and worsened the situation. Many countries, especially in Europe, are forced to look for alternative energy sources, this creates competition in the global energy market. The transition to renewable energy is important to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Green initiatives, such as Investments in solar and wind power, do provide hope. However, this shift also faces challenges, such as high initial costs and limited infrastructure. The economic impact of the energy crisis is quite extensive. Rising energy costs affect inflation, potentially triggering a recession in some countries. The industrial sector, from manufacturing to transportation, felt a direct impact due to the surge in raw material prices. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face a heavy burden due to limited profit margins. Governments in various parts of the world are taking steps to overcome this crisis. Some countries implement subsidy policies to control energy prices, while others encourage investment in clean technologies. These policies, although useful, often gave rise to political tensions within the country. A shift in energy consumption patterns is also visible, with society becoming increasingly aware of the importance of energy conservation. Increasing environmental awareness is encouraging many individuals and companies to adapt to sustainable practices, which in turn can ease pressure on energy supplies. The global energy crisis provides valuable lessons regarding the sustainability of natural resources, the power of collaborative initiatives between countries, and the need for innovation in the energy sector. International cooperation is crucial to achieving stability and sustainability in energy supply. Other countries need to learn from the experiences and responses taken by affected countries. In the digital era, technology also plays an important role in overcoming this crisis. The use of big data and artificial intelligence helps in energy consumption management, analysis of demand patterns, as well as optimization of energy supply. High-tech solutions can help countries plan and manage energy resources more efficiently. Energy security is a strategic issue that countries in the world must face. Economic sustainability is closely tied to access to stable and affordable energy. Ignoring energy challenges can undermine sustainable economic and social development. Overall, the global energy crisis is a major challenge that requires an integrated response from all levels of society. Strategic collaboration between government, the private sector and civil society can create innovative solutions to overcome this energy challenge. With the right steps, the world can move towards a more sustainable and energy secure future.

Recent developments in global politics show dynamics that continue to change and influence relations between countries. One of the most significant trends is the rise in populism in various countries. Populist leaders often emerge as alternative voices for people who feel marginalized by political elites. A striking example is the elections in Brazil, where Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva succeeded in stopping Jair Bolsonaro from power, bringing back more inclusive social policies. Turning to Europe, security issues are in the main spotlight along with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. NATO member states are seeking to strengthen the alliance and expand military presence on its eastern borders, creating new tensions with Moscow. Europe’s economy is also showing vulnerability due to sanctions and the energy crisis, fueled by dependence on Russian gas. In Asia, China’s rise as a global power is increasingly being felt. Recent conferences and agreements demonstrate Beijing’s approach to forging alliances with developing countries through the Belt and Road Initiative project. However, tensions in the South China Sea and countries such as Taiwan remain a sensitive issue that could lead to open conflict. Climate change is also increasingly recognized as a crucial global political challenge. The Summit on Climate Change (COP) attracted global attention, with countries committing to reducing carbon emissions and switching to renewable energy. However, implementation of these promises is often hampered by short-term political interests and economic uncertainty. In the Middle East, relations between Arab countries and Israel are experiencing positive developments. The Abraham Accords paved the way for the normalization of relations previously considered impossible. However, the Palestinian issue remains an obstacle to long-term stability in the region. Meanwhile, the United States continues to struggle to restore its global influence. Foreign policy under the Biden administration seeks to improve relations with traditional allies while contending with the presence of Russia and China. Domestic reforms are also emphasized to overcome political polarization in the country. The evolution of technology influences global politics with the emergence of issues such as data privacy, the spread of misinformation, and regulation of digital platforms. Countries are trying to find a balance between innovation and protecting citizens, which is a new challenge in this digital era. In the health context, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the global political paradigm. Competition in vaccine procurement and distribution, especially between developed and developing countries, shows clear inequality. International cooperation in dealing with the global health crisis is more important than ever. New and old conflicts continue, with Syria and Yemen taking center stage. Foreign military intervention adds complexity to the situation, resulting in alarming humanitarian impacts. A peaceful settlement is urgently needed so that stability can be restored in divided regions. Finally, the rise of nationalism and protectionism in many countries represents a challenge to multilateral cooperation. International organizations such as the UN and WTO are faced with a crisis of legitimacy, sparking discussions about reform to face new challenges in evolving global politics.